Expenditure and employment on research and development by businesses in Scotland.
| Dimension | Value |
|---|---|
| Business Enterprise Research And Development Indicators | |
| Country Of Ownership | |
| Measure Type | |
| Number Of Employees | |
| Product Group | |
| Reference Period | |
|
Reference Area
(showing types of area available in these data) |
|
|
Entire dataset
Note: These may be large files. |
CSVN-Triples |
The data in this series are sourced from the Business Enterprise Research and Development (BERD) survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS).
We have put a pause on the updating of this series until more work can be carried out to quality assure the underlying source data.
Business Enterprise Research and Development (BERD) is measured by the expenditure on R&D carried out by the business. This is regarded as a more accurate measure of R&D than the funding received by a business for R&D work, as not all of these funds received may be used for R&D. This publication reports on R&D expenditure in businesses in Scotland irrespective of the country of residence of the ultimate owner or users of the R&D produced.
The BERD survey follows the definition of research and development proposed by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and published in the ‘Frascati’ Manual. According to the manual, R&D is defined as:
“creative and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge - including knowledge of humankind, culture and society - and to devise new applications of available knowledge”.
R&D must contain an appreciable amount of novelty.
Scotland’s Business Enterprise Research and Development (BERD) is taken from the annual Scottish Government (SG) BERD publication. The data in this release are sourced from the Business Enterprise Research and Development (BERD) survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). The Office for National Statistics (ONS) has been leading a redevelopment project for R&D statistics. The first phase of the project concluded with the publication of the latest ONS BERD estimates, which reflect significant methodological changes. There is currently uncertainty over the robustness of the detailed breakdowns of the new BERD estimates, which includes the data for Scotland. The ONS have put a temporary pause on the National Statistics status of the detailed breakdowns of BERD until the second stage of the redevelopment project completes in 2023. The National Statistics status of the Scottish Government BERD publication has similarly been put on pause.
More detailed information can be found in our BERD Scotland 2021 publication and in the ONS BERD UK 2021 publication.
Statistical disclosure control is applied to tables in order to maintain the confidentially of the data. Expenditure and employment values associated with business counts below a minimum threshold are withheld from publication. Additionally, a dominance rule identifies where a small number of businesses account for a majority of the associated expenditure or employment; these and any cells permitting disclosure by deduction are withheld from publication. Caution should therefore be exercised if summary data is calculated; data may be missing (as a result of disclosure control suppressions) in which case it will not be a true representation of product group or area totals.
Business Enterprise Research and Development is a National Statistics publication. It has been produced to the high professional standards set out in the Code of Practice for Official Statistics and the Pre-release Access to Official Statistics (Scotland) Order 2021 .
Scotland’s Business Enterprise Research and Development (BERD) is taken from the annual Scottish Government BERD publication. The data in this release are sourced from the Business Enterprise Research and Development (BERD) survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS).
The Office for National Statistics (ONS) has been leading a redevelopment project for R&D statistics. The first phase of the project concluded with the publication of the latest ONS BERD estimates, which reflect significant methodological changes. There is currently uncertainty over the robustness of the detailed breakdowns of the new BERD estimates, which includes the data for Scotland.
The ONS have put a temporary pause on the National Statistics status of the detailed breakdowns of BERD until the second stage of the redevelopment project completes in 2023. The National Statistics status of the Scottish Government (SG) BERD publication has similarly been put on pause.
More detailed information can be found in our BERD Scotland 2021 publication and in the ONS BERD UK 2021 publication.
Data can be used to look at trends over time. For comparisons with other UK regions, please see the BERD Scotland 2021 publication, or visit the Office for National Statistics website.
Information on data sources, suitability and uses can be found here.
BERD includes business enterprise R&D performed in Scotland irrespective of the residence of the ultimate owner. BERD excludes R&D funded by Scottish businesses that is performed overseas. BERD excludes R&D carried out by higher education or government (including government departments, agencies and non-departmental public bodies; local authorities; and private non-profit organisations). Public corporations are counted as business enterprises. Further information on data sources, suitability and uses can be found in the ONS BERD 2021 publication. Information on BERD survey and methodology can be found here.
This dataset is normally updated annually, however we have put a pause on the updating of this series until more work can be carried out to quality assure the underlying source data.
Revisions and corrections to this publication are dealt with in accordance with the Scottish Governments published policy.
This is a linked data resource: it has a permanent unique uri at which both humans and machines can find it on the Internet, and which can be used an identifier in queries on our SPARQL endpoint.
A linked data-orientated view of dimensions and values
| Dimension | Locked Value |
|---|---|
|
Business Enterprise Research And Development Indicators
http://statistics.gov.scot/def/dimension/businessEnterpriseResearchAndDevelopmentIndicators
|
(not locked to a value) |
|
Country Of Ownership
http://statistics.gov.scot/def/dimension/countryOfOwnership
|
(not locked to a value) |
|
Number Of Employees
http://statistics.gov.scot/def/dimension/numberOfEmployees
|
(not locked to a value) |
|
Product Group
http://statistics.gov.scot/def/dimension/productGroup
|
(not locked to a value) |
|
Reference Area
http://purl.org/linked-data/sdmx/2009/dimension#refArea
|
(not locked to a value) |
|
Reference Period
http://purl.org/linked-data/sdmx/2009/dimension#refPeriod
|
(not locked to a value) |
|
Measure Type
http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#measureType
|
(not locked to a value) |
Linked Data is stored in graphs. We keep dataset contents (the data) separately from the metadata, to make it easier for you to find exactly what you need.
The data in this dataset are stored in the graph: http://statistics.gov.scot/graph/business-enterprise-research-and-development-expenditure
The data structure definition for this data cube dataset is stored in the same graph as the data: http://statistics.gov.scot/graph/business-enterprise-research-and-development-expenditure
All other metadata about this dataset are stored in the graph: http://statistics.gov.scot/graph/business-enterprise-research-and-development-expenditure/metadata
A breakdown by type of the 5,338 resources in this dataset's data graph.
| Resource type | Number of resources |
|---|---|
| Collection | 2 |
| Component specification | 14 |
| Data set | 1 |
| Data structure definition | 1 |
| Observation | 5,320 |
In addition to this bookmarkable html page, this dataset metadata is also available for our robot customers in the following machine-readable formats. Please refer to the API documentation for more details.
| dataset metadata | JSON RDF/XML Turtle N-Triples Atom |